1 April 2026
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Plazomicin

drsuryabrata@gmail.com02 mins

Nature of the antibiotic Class: Next-generation aminoglycoside (neoglycoside), semisynthetic (sisomicin based). It is not inactivated by most aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME).Molecular weight: 592.68. It is synergistic with many antibiotics, including piperacillin-tazobactam. Mechanism of resistance Enterobacteriaceae: modification of the ribosomal binding site due to expression of 16S rRNA methyltransferases. Adverse effect Spectrum Gram-positive Staphylococcus (MSSA, MRSA, and coag neg…

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Summary: Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM

drsuryabrata@gmail.com04 mins

Introduction Candida species are the predominant cause of fungal infections in patients treated in hospital settings, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This clinical practice guide summarises evidence-based recommendations from the European Confederation for Medical Mycology (ECMM) global guideline initiative, developed in cooperation with the International Society of Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) and the…

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Paracoccus Yeei

drsuryabrata@gmail.com01 mins

Paracoccus yeei is an aerobic Gram-negative coccobacilli typically found in soil and brine. It appears as diplococci and may have a visible vacuole – giving an “O” shaped appearance. It may under-decolourise and appear as Gram-positive cocci. It is oxidase-positive and confused with Moraxella/Neisseria. Identification can be made using automated systems like VITEK-2 GN, MALDI-ToF and DNA…

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Norovirus

drsuryabrata@gmail.com03 mins

Epidemiology Norovirus is the most common cause of epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. In the UK, norovirus outbreak is usually seen in the winter months. The virus Norovirus is a small non-enveloped RNA virus of the caliciviridae family. It has ten genogroups, but I, II and IV are primarily implicated in human infection. Genogroup II is most…

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SMI: Investigation of Throat-Related Specimens

drsuryabrata@gmail.com04 mins

Specimens Throat swab, posterior pharyngeal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, pharyngeal washings, pus aspirate, oropharyngeal swab, throat gargle. Why To investigate upper respiratory tract infection – Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Epiglottitis, and Laryngitis. Condition Target organisms Pharyngitis(sore throat) 1. Viral (commonest),2. Group A Streptococcus/ Streptococcus pyogenes,3. Group C/G Streptococcus – Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis,4. Streptococcus anginosus group,5. Corynebacterium –…

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