Class: Cyclic lipopeptideSource: Streptomyces roseosporusDiscovered: 1980s; approved for use in 2003 (FDA)Molecular weight: 1620 DA. Mechanism of action: The Daptomycin (DAP) combines with Calcium ions to form a positively charged complex that attaches to the bacterial cell membrane (preferably at the nascent septa). This attachment depends upon the presence of phospholipid phosphatidylglycerol (PG). After attachment, DAP forms…
What does NICE guideline 2021 say about assessing and managing C difficile infection? Comparison between NICE 2021 guideline and IDSA 2021 update IDSA/SHEA focussed update 2021 NICE 2021 1st episode of CDAD -1st line Fidaxomicin 200 mg BO PO 10 days Vancomycin 125 mg QDS PO 10 days 1st episode of CDAD – 2nd line…
One of our registrars passed part 2 recently. I asked him about his preparation. He kindly shared with me some useful tips which may help anyone preparing for part 2. What did you read? What I read was a mix of Here are the links to the resources mentioned Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and…
Pertussis vaccine Pertussis vaccine is only given as a part of a combined vaccine. Monovalent pertussis vaccines are not available. Vaccines are stored at +2˚C to +8˚C, protected from light. Excess heat – reduces potency and shelf-life.Excess cold/freezing – increases reactogenicity and loss of potency; it may also cause hairline cracks on the ampoule leading…
What are the Laws underpinning the Legionella control? There is a hierarchy of laws guiding the Legionella control ACOP L8:2013 The responsibility lies with the owner of the premises or the employer (this person is called the “duty holder”). They must identify and assess the risk, prepare a written scheme to control the risk, implement…
Types of specimen Cough plates are not recommended. Selective media It contains blood or charcoal or both, along with selective antibiotic supplements – penicillin, cefalexin or meticillin.It should be able to suppress other nasopharyngeal flora. Meticillin is the least inhibitory, and cefalexin is the most. Cefalexin is the drug of choice for selective media in…
Bacteria: Fastidious gram-negative coccobacilli that appear in pairs or short chains.Commensal of the mouth and upper respiratory tract.The genus Kingela have species like – K. kingae, K. denitrificans, Kingella negevensis, K. oralis etc. Identification: It appears as pairs/short chains of plump bacilli (or coccobacilli) with tapered ends.Capnophilic and facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming.Beta-haemolytic colonies on blood agar often produce marked pitting…
Understanding Actinomyces: The Ray Fungus That’s Actually a Bacterium ⚠️ DISCLAIMER: This content is for academic and educational purposes only. Always consult current medical guidelines and seek professional medical advice for clinical decisions. 🦠 What is Actinomyces? + 🔬 Taxonomy Despite its name meaning “ray fungus,” Actinomyces is actually a bacteria that reproduces by binary…
Bacteria: Microaerophilic, pleomorphic gram-negative bacillus often with swelling of one or both ends and retained crystal violet dye at the poles.It is a part of the normal flora of the nose and throat. Culture and identification: Culture API 20NE – may misidentify it as Pasteurella.MALDI ToF16s rRNA PCR Clinical presentation: Antibiotic susceptibility: Variable susceptibility: Treatment is…
