{"id":382,"date":"2023-09-16T22:07:34","date_gmt":"2023-09-16T21:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/?p=382"},"modified":"2023-09-16T22:07:34","modified_gmt":"2023-09-16T21:07:34","slug":"cardiobacterium-spp-c-hominis-c-valvarum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/?p=382","title":{"rendered":"Cardiobacterium spp (C hominis, C valvarum)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bacteria:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Microaerophilic, pleomorphic gram-negative bacillus often with swelling of one or both ends and retained crystal violet dye at the poles.
It is a part of the normal flora of the nose and throat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Culture and identification:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • A slow-growing organism, blood culture may take longer than usual to flag positive.
    The fluid culture may not have turbidity associated with growth (consider a blind subculture)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Grows on blood, chocolate and Mueller-Hinton agar in the presence of 5% CO2 and humidity. They grow poorly on MacConkey agar.
    C hominis is slow-growing (may take days to grow), producing small alpha-haemolytic colonies with a serpentine growth pattern from the edge to the adjacent colonies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Oxidase +ve, catalase -ve, Indole +ve.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • C valvarum is more fastidious and produces smaller non-haemolytic colonies
    phenylphosphonate reaction \u2013 C valvarum is negative, C hominis is positive.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    API 20NE<\/strong> \u2013 may misidentify it as Pasteurella.
    MALDI ToF
    16s rRNA PCR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Clinical presentation:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Endocarditis \u2013 Subacute endocarditis almost exclusively in adults with a preexisting valvular disease usually after a dental procedure, oral infection or upper GI endoscopy. the
      In children, it is associated with underlying congenital heart disease.
      Mortality 10%.
      Insidious onset endocarditis (2-5 months), splenomegaly, anaemia, haematuria, immune glomerulonephritis, often without fever. The vegetation is often large and needs surgery.
      Large vessel emboli are a common association.
      Complications \u2013 septic arthritis, discitis, mycotic aneurysm and neurological involvement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Soft tissue infection<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Peritoneal catheter-related infection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Antibiotic susceptibility:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Penicillin, ampicillin,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Cephalosporins,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Fluoroquinolones \u2013 ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Chloramphenicol<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tetracycline \u2013 tetracycline, doxycycline<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Variable susceptibility:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Aminoglycosides,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Erythromycin, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Clindamycin <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Treatment is usually a beta-lactam (amoxicillin\/ceftriaxone) with\/without aminoglycoside or ciprofloxacin.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Bacteria: Microaerophilic, pleomorphic gram-negative bacillus often with swelling of one or both ends and retained crystal violet dye at the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[101,76,99,100,102],"class_list":["post-382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bacteria","tag-aacek","tag-bacteria","tag-cardiobacterium","tag-gram-negative-bacteria","tag-hacek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=382"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":383,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions\/383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microregistrar.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}